Home/Work

<tongue in cheek> Confessions of a proud breastfeeding zealot </tongue in cheek>

Lately, I've noticed what can only be described as something of a "breastfeeding backlash" in the media, and among some mothers. The message of this backlash can best be summed up as  something like this, "the health benefits of breastfeeding have been wildly exaggerated by a bunch of weird and nasty breastfeeding zealots who get their kicks from harassing bottle-feeding mothers in an attempt to make them feel guilty."

 

There are variations and nuances on this theme, depending on the medium and message-bearer, but that pretty much covers all the bases. The most prominent recent example of the breastfeeding backlash was Hanna Rosin's much-discussed piece in The Atlantic, provocatively titled, "The Case Against Breastfeeding." Jennifer Block already wrote a definitive and specific rebuttal to Rosin's piece, so that's not my intent with this particular blog post. Instead, I want to explore the current reaction to perceived breastfeeding "zealotry," and offer some context that I think might be helpful when considering how and why we are seeing this bubble of contrarian commentary at the moment.

 

The current breastfeeding backlash is a reaction to a certain intensity surrounding the issue of breastfeeding that did indeed gain currency over the past decade or so. But what today's mothers - the ones who are fueling the breastfeeding backlash with their criticisms and complaints - don't appreciate or maybe even realize is that the activism and advocacy they are slamming was actually an important, grassroots women's health movement that managed to fundamentally change the way our culture views and treats breastfeeding within only about ten years (!!!). And any time you have a movement that erupts out of a sense of frustration and oppression, and manages to turn that frustration into the kind of power it takes to create meaningful change on a big issue, that movement is going to have to be both pushy and loud.

 

The group of people on the leading edge of most social change movements are often later criticized as "too radical" by the very people benefiting every single day from that radicalism. Example: 20 and 30-something female executives who today speak with disdain about those "radical, bra-burning feminists," without appreciation for the fact that they are trashing the very women who effectively blasted open the doors of corporate America's steno pool so their daughters and granddaughters could instead take up residence in the c-suite. So if these younger women are defining "radical" as "assertive, unrelenting, outspoken, political and visionary," well then, yeah, I guess the objects of their criticism qualify for the label. But really, they should be thanking the feminists who preceded them into the workplace instead of criticizing them.

 

Sort of like those women who casually enjoy the obvious fruits of second wave feminists, even as they criticize them, I suspect that many (most?) of today's mothers of babies and young children are completely unaware of how different our cultural landscape is when it comes to breastfeeding than it was only a very brief time ago. They take it for granted that their hospital has a lactation consultant, and that their insurance company will help pay for the breastpump needed to express milk for their premature baby. They can't imagine a world where ALL breastfeeding mothers (and there weren't that many) excused themselves to a cloistered location every time the baby needed to eat, or where the idea of continuing to nurse into toddlerhood was seen as pathologically bizarre. New mothers today can't imagine these things because, before becoming pregnant or having a baby themselves, they never even thought about the topic of breastfeeding, so their only context is Right Now, Today. As a result, far too many women fail to appreciate the "zealotry" that gave birth to the readily accessible breastfeeding resources, support, protections, acceptance and information they now have available; they just don't get why anyone would feel the need to engage in activism or advocacy on a topic that seems so mainstream. I meet many current moms who have this opinion because I, too, am currently the mother of a toddler, just like them.

 

But I also happen to be the mother of an almost-18 year old, a 14 year old, and an 11 year old. So I remember what it was like when I gave birth to my first baby, in 1991. Things were very, very different even that recently for mothers in this country who wanted to breastfeed, which I did. But finding out HOW to nurse my baby wasn't so easy. Aside from local La Leche League meetings - which I only knew existed because I happened to see a flier on a grocery store bulletin board - along with a few boring, well-worn books that you could only find at the library - I wasn't able to find any good information about breastfeeding my baby in advance of his birth.

 

But I gave it a go anyway, struggling along on my own. Then, at my very first postpartum pediatric appointment, the baby doctor looked disgusted and horrified when he came into the exam room and found me nursing my newborn, and he quickly turned on his heel and walked out. His nurse then came in, and carefully explained to me (while averting her eyes) that the doctor would wait until I "finished doing that" before returning to speak to me or see the baby. When he did return, he firmly recommended supplemental bottles of formula to "help with his weight gain," and he told me that the information I'd read about how pacifiers could cause breastfeeding problems was "complete nonsense." I did as he instructed. He was the expert, after all.

 

When I developed a not-unexpected case of mastitis two weeks later - mostly because, at my pediatrician's recommendation, I wasn't nursing my now partially-bottlefed baby often enough - the doctor I then went to see (at the urging of my worried grandmother, who kept insisting I'd developed something she rather charmingly referred to as "childbed fever")  immediately hospitalized me for three days for a course of IV antibiotics. The doctor told me that I needed to pump and dump my "infected breastmilk," and that my baby could not come to the hospital to see me.

 

Yes, this is a true story. I was hospitalized and separated from my newborn for several days because I had...MASTITIS.  And this was in 1991, not 1951.

 

Fast forward to 2009. Today, American women have access to a huge volume of excellent and accurate information about the hows and whys of breastfeeding. State laws support the right to breastfeed in public, and businesses offer lactation rooms and support. Today's pediatricians are far better informed about how to help mothers successfully nurse their babies, and hospitals/medical organizations are beginning to take a hard look at the ethics of their relationships with infant formula manufacturers. We still have a long way to go in all of these areas, but the significant changes that have taken place just since I gave birth in 1991 are pretty remarkable. 

 

As my personal story illustrates anecdotally, today's wealth of information and support for breastfeeding is actually still quite a new development, even though the seminal feminist health organization otherwise known as La Leche League had been conducting a tireless crusade to educate women and doctors since the 50s. LLL's work was groundbreaking, and its importance can't be overstated, but breastfeeding still really hadn't really "gone mainstream" when the 1990s dawned. Sure, many women at that time did nurse their babies for at least a short period, and certainly among some specific demographic groups, breastfeeding was more common. However, the situation for the majority of American women was one in which information was faulty or absent, and support was almost non-existent.

 

Enter the "zealots" who are now the subject of the breastfeeding backlash.

 

Beginning in the early-to-mid 90s, La Leche League finally got reinforcements for their tireless, yet always gentle and polite campaign. The help came in the form of  large scale, cross-demographic, mother-powered organizing and information-sharing, made possible for the very first time by the advent of the Web. Suddenly, mothers could for the first time ever, quickly and easily ask OTHER MOTHERS about breastfeeding issues and concerns! And as mothers talked to each other online, and gained access to information we had never had access to before, we realized how much flat-out erroneous info was being propagated by the healthcare establishment at that time. We got a clearer picture of the longstanding advertising practices of the infant formula industry, and gained an understanding of the impact those practices had on women's infant feeding choices in our country, and all over the world. We were able to educate ourselves in a way our doctors could not or would not - using the medical libraries and peer-reviewed journals that we could now access online. We learned about the health risks for babies who are not breastfed, and the health benefits to women that come with nursing our children. Lactation consultants, often isolated as the only person doing their job in a particular community or hospital, could for the first time easily communicate with one another in a setting that allowed case sharing and professional development.

 

Wow! Talk about radicalizing!

 

There was certainly a period, during the second half of the 90s and the early part of this decade, when the discourse regarding breastfeeding was somewhat reactionary. What I mean is that after many decades of information suppression and misrepresentation, a lot of women were, well - for lack of a better way to put it - kind of pissed off when we realized that as a group, we'd been misinformed, manipulated, dismissed and even lied to regarding this important and meaningful element of infant-maternal health.

 

We were really irritated to find out that, despite what we, our mothers and grandmothers before us had been told by the "experts," we actually COULD breastfeed our babies successfully, and that we DID make "enough milk." We found out that infant formula ISN'T "just like" human milk, and that women all over the world DO nurse beyond infancy. (That was a real eye opener.) In short, we discovered that the medical profession we trusted, along with infant formula manufacturers and marketers, had sold us a bill of goods about something that really mattered to us, and to our children.

 

Our generational response to this discovery came in the form of an unprecedented tidal wave of new articles, books, websites, online communities, organizations, and academic/medical research on the topic of breastfeeding, all within a period of only one decade. Our frustration became consciousness raising, which became empowerment and productivity, and I think it's fair to say that those of us who were among that particular group of "lactivist" moms fundamentally and forever changed the dialogue on breastfeeding in America.

 

Some of us played a role as writers, while others of us were Web developers, doctors, nurses, academics, midwives, peer counselors, lactation consultants and activists. In the course of only about one decade, this group of women - early adopters and very effective users of what is now called social media - built on the pioneering work of La Leche League and others - and in doing so, we successfully reclaimed an important part of motherhood for ourselves, and for our daughters. We changed laws, we changed workplaces, and we sparked a process of significant and ongoing change in the way medical practitioners learn about breastfeeding. (Hells yeah, we did!)

 

It is this group of women, the ones who instigated such a powerful, fundamental and important change for the benefit of all American mothers, who are the "zealots" now being criticized.. And I can't deny that as we got our movement to create this big, messy social change underway, we might have sometimes come across as excessively outspoken or a wee bit hyperbolic. Let me be clear that I am absolutely, 100% opposed to anyone at any time being rude to, or questioning any individual mother about her individual feeding choices. To wit: it's not okay to offer one's unsolicited view directly to a bottle-feeding mother that she should have "tried harder" to breastfeed, and it's also not okay to tell a breastfeeding mom that she needs to leave a public place and find a more private one in order to feed her child.

 

Unfortunately, I am now unhappily aware that on occasion, in years past, my own outspoken activism on behalf of a public health topic about which I remain very passionate did sometimes, completely unintentionally come across as personally rude or intolerant to individual women.  If, for example I responded to a new mother who mentioned to me in an offhand way that breastfeeding "has been really tough" with something like, "I'd be happy to hook you up with a local lactation consultant!"  - without being ASKED to help that person find a lactation consultant -  my intent might have been to be helpful, but I have come to realize that the recipient of this "helpful" suggestion probably heard it as intrusive, judgmental and rude. And when a discussion among neighbors about a magazine article I was writing on the ethics of the infant formula industry was held within earshot of a mother who was quietly bottle-feeding her 4 month old nearby, I wasn't sensitive enough to realize that the discussion I believed to be totally impersonal, and not in any way directed at her, could be perceived as unkind, thoughtless and hurtful. I have - over time, and after talking to many women who have shared their experiences with feeling judged and criticized for their decision (or need) to bottle-feed  - come to appreciate the imperative to be EXTRA careful never to allow public health activism at the 30,000 foot level to create the perception in any individual woman that I am judging or second guessing HER, personally. But I know I screwed that up sometimes in the past, and for that, I want to offer a genuine and heartfelt mea culpa. I hope any woman whom I ever hurt in this way - no matter how unintentionally - can forgive me.


But if I did manage to step on some toes (again, I am truly sorry) via stridency on this issue, I also know - because I hear it from people all the time by email, through my blog and in person - that the book and the numerous articles I wrote about topics related to breastfeeding between about 1996 and 2002 helped a lot of women decide to breastfeed, and to keep breastfeeding. Knowing that I truly made a difference to more than a few women in this way is an accomplishment that means a lot to me. And I also feel proud when I hear from a medical student that he took something I had published on this topic to his obstetrics department head as "ammunition" to ask for more evidence-based teaching on human lactation. I feel like I made a difference when a state legislator tells me that something I wrote inspired her to introduce a bill to protect breastfeeding mothers from harassment or discrimination. And I feel honored to have been part of a grassroots, mother-led public health campaign that will mean healthier babies and women for the generations that follow. 

 

Why am I so passionate about breastfeeding? Well, because despite some of the criticisms about "exaggerated health benefits" now being made as part of this whole breastfeeding backlash, the amount of well-accepted, peer-reviewed evidence  that breastfeeding is one of the most important factors affecting infant mortality and morbidity continues to grow. It's also becoming clearer that breastfeeding provides some level of risk reduction (a level some researchers believe could turn out to be quite significant) against breast and ovarian cancer in mothers. And breastfeeding is emerging as an important environmental issue, as well. Last, I believe the tactics of the infant formula industry, and the way they have continued to influence the health care profession, the WIC program, and the entertainment industry on this issue, represent one of the most egregiously unethical situations in the history of American business. It's bad stuff, and is beyond worthy of assertive and outspoken activism.

 

Sure, there have been some faulty studies among the many hundreds that now exist on the topic. And yes, sometimes evidence has been twisted to exaggerate what some individual study actually says (I would argue that's mostly been done by the mainstream media, however, and not by the lactation science or breastfeeding advocacy community- you know, us "zealots.)  Yes, some individual breastfed babies are sicker than some individual bottle-fed babies, and yes, I know that your mother bottle-fed you and you "turned out just fine." Breastfed babies can't jump higher or run faster, and no, your breastfed baby will not grow up to have x-ray vision or ESP. Finally, it is certainly true that the risks from not breastfeeding are far, far lower for a formula-fed baby living with his lawyer-parents in Brooklyn than they are for a formula-fed baby living with his low-income mother in inner city New Orleans, or in a refugee camp in the Middle East.

 

I freely concede all of these points, but I am frustrated when they are trotted out by the breastfeeding backlash brigade as meaningful evidence that in general, breastfeeding doesn't really matter that much to infant-maternal well-being. These individual points are being used as red herrings and distractions by the anti-breastfeeding campaign. And if you don't believe that such a campaign exists (and that many doctors and mothers unknowingly have their views and opinions and actions with regard to infant feeding choices manipulated by this campaign), you are dead wrong.


The appropriate way to consider whether breastfeeding matters as a public health and societal issue, and to understand why activism in support of breastfeeding matters, is to consider it from an epidemiological, population-wide perspective, not by looking at individual babies, or by picking out individual pieces of the whole picture. When you put on that wide angle lens, the view is both clear and dramatic. It also becomes clear why some "zealotry" was both necessary and acceptable from the women on the leading edge of an important movement. 

 

So here's my proposal to the mainstream media, and to bloggers and writers and individual mothers who have fueled this little breastfeeding backlash we have going on at the moment. How about this week, maybe in honor of World Breastfeeding Month, you take a minute to look around, and survey the landscape, circa 2009. Look at that entire row of great books on breastfeeding that now sit on your favorite book store's shelf. Be grateful for the huge amount of informative and accurate information on breastfeeding that is now easily available to women online. Check out that mom happily breastfeeding her baby on the park bench without anyone batting an eye. Take a look at that lawyer striding down Wall Street carrying her breastpump in her briefcase. Consider making a donation to one of the new human milk banks that are saving premature American babies every single day. Or how about sending a little cash to UNICEF so they can counter the massive advertising by infant formula companies in the less-developed world, where whether or not a baby receives breastmilk literally means the difference between life and death on a daily basis. 

 

Once you do those things, maybe you will be a little less likely to criticize, and a little more likely to praise the activists and advocates who got the issue of breastfeeding to where it is today in such a short period of time.

 

As for me, if you had tried to tell me back in 1991 that breastfeeding would be so mainstream by 2009 that it could possibly even generate its own "backlash," well, I wouldn't have believed you. It would be like if I tried to tell a new, first time mom today that within ten years, there would be a "backlash" against all the mainstream cultural pressure to do what's considered best, and have a homebirth. But the fact that 1991-me would be wrong in my prediction makes this breastfeeding zealot pretty happy.

 

La Leche League's great work of the past half-century can be viewed as "first wave" breastfeeding activism, while the second wave movement (those damn zealots!)  - got us to where we are today. And now, I see this current cultural breastfeeding backlash as a sign that American women are at an important crossroads with this issue. We are experiencing a sort of group cognitive dissonance as we attempt to deal with being simultaneously shoved in the direction of breastfeeding our babies, while at the same time jerked back by miserably inadequate maternity leave, along with continued bombardment with the marketing of breastmilk substitutes. It isn't surprising that this schizophrenic, "damned if you do, damned if you don't" place in which we now find ourselves has spawned a desire to blame someone for the conflicts we mothers are feeling. Unfortunately, however, the blame is being directed at the activist women who have worked to support and inform breastfeeding mothers, instead of  where it really belongs: in the direction of our business and political leaders, at big pharma, at some (not all) healthcare institutions and organizations, and at the relentless marketing campaigns that continue undermine breastfeeding success for so many of us. The current irritation, even anger directed at the breastfeeding advocates whose intentions are very honorable - even if they sometimes accidentally offend in their eagerness to help - is completely misplaced, and pointless to boot. When we spend our energy worrying about individual instances where someone said something rude to an individual bottle-feeding mother, it dilutes and diverts the community energy we should be directing at systemic and institutional problems.

 

So this is where we find ourselves in 2009. And now, the challenge for the third wave of breastfeeding advocacy is to find a way to continue to be clear, frank and unapologetic in the message that breastfeeding really does matter - and that the breastmilk vs.formula decision isn't simply a neutral lifestyle choice, akin to picking a nursery color - while accepting and respecting the choices that individual women make as right for them, and for their babies. To paraphrase this very smart blogger's take on this, we need to work together toward a breastfeeding culture, instead of worrying so much about how any single mother decides to feed her own baby. But while we must be sensitive, kind and respectful of individual choices, we can't let that sensitivity and common courtesy impede big-picture advocacy. It's a tricky balance, and one we have not yet achieved. But I am an optimist, and I think we can figure this out, together. 

 

 

 

FOLLOW KATIE'S BLOGGING ON TWITTER OR FACEBOOK

READ MORE OF KATIE'S BABBLE BLOGGING

VISIT KATIE'S PERSONAL BLOG

 


+ DIGG + DEL.ICIO.US

Comments

 

Marie-Eve said:

Great post. Very articulate and true. I nursed for a year, and I still heard some negative remarks from older folks. Even from my dad, who's a doctor (trained in the 70s), but whose three daughters were bottle-fed and who's still slightly irritated by women who breastfeed beyond early infancy (not because of old "breast milk is not rich enough" folktales, but rather because he thinks it creates too much of a closeness and need between the mother and the child, which he considers not to be sane. I won't even start on that).    

It's always hard to find a balance between promoting breastfeeding positively, and not scold women who can't do it. My sister tried and tried and finally gave up after four months because her son had literally ripped part of her nipples off, and no help from lactation consultants nor nurses nor doctors nor natural or medicated ointments could fix it. Repeatedly, since then, she's been overtly and randomly criticized by strangers who see her pop a bottle, and this brings her to tears. I don't think the "backlash" is a good thing, and critics might lack a little perspective, but some "breastfeeding zealots" have kind of brought this upon themselves...

August 6, 2009 1:13 PM
 

W said:

I interviewed a lactation consultant for my online parenting column and used a picture of a baby breastfeeding in the article.  And immediately I got a complaint about the picture.  In article a few days earlier about Tennessee laws regarding breastfeeding someone showed up to complain about women 'whipping out their boobs in public'.

Apparently there's still a long way to go.  

August 6, 2009 1:19 PM
 

kgranju said:

Marie-Eve:

I am sorry that anyone was rude to your sister. That's terrible.

I do find it interesting, though, that when a woman who isn't breastfeeding is scolded by some rude person, it's evidence of some sort of widespread breastfeeding "zealotry" that spurs hostile attacks on individual women. But when a breastfeeding woman is asked to leave a store or a park or wherever, which happens ALL THE TIME, no one treats it as evidence of a widespread conspiracy by evil bottlefeeders to stalk and harass breastfeeding moms ;-)

People should not be rude to one another. Period.

-Katie

August 6, 2009 1:23 PM
 

Marie-Eve said:

Yeah, you're right. I guess it may be more plain rudeness and sticking your nose in other people's businesses (which unfortunately I've been guilty of doing too) than zealotry.

How can we win when someone is judged for not breastfeeding, but also judged for doing it in public or for too long, etc.

August 6, 2009 1:58 PM
 

patricia said:

You know, W, I agree that there is still a long way to go.  However, I have a 5 month old who refuses to nurse with a cover (without a wrestling match in which she eats little, I'm covered with milk, and people as often as not get an eyeful, lol).  I nursed her sister but always with a cover in public, so it's been an adjustment learning to be comfortable nursing without a cover.  I think I am discreet- I sure try to be.  And not a single person has ever given me any trouble whatsoever.  I've nursed in malls, restaurants, parks, airplanes.  Even poolside.  Never had a problem.  And if anyone had a problem with me, they never let me know it.  I wonder if people who make the "whipping the boobs out" comments have ever seen an actual mom actually breastfeeding, or if that's just the stereotype some people have about breastfeeders.

(I will say that Strollerderby ran an item not too long ago about a breastfeeding pin-up calendar type thing from Britain, and it had a picture of a mom nursing her baby in a cafe.  The mom had pulled her top down from the neck to nurse, which struck me as an awful lot of skin, especially compared to pulling up from the bottom.  However, just because it's not my choice, it certainly didn't offend me!)

The only even slightly bad or weird experience I've had breastfeeding actually came at an urgent care clinic, of all places!  I was on vacation and the baby had a fever, so I took her to the urgent care.  Because she didn't feel well, my daughter was fussy, and nursing kept her calm and quiet.  As I waited in the waiting area and nursed, a nurse(? tech?) came out and threw a towel over my chest and her head (which she immediately clawed off).  I thought that was weird, since, as I mentioned, I nurse with my shirt lifted up, so the towel covered maybe a half-inch of breast between the bottom of my shirt and the baby's head.  Later, when I was seen to a curtained cubicle, the PA and nurse kept closing the curtain every time they saw me nursing.  Finally, they wanted to look in the baby's ears, and she was nursing with her head to the side and one ear turned up, so I suggested looking while she was latched.  They declined and wrestled her to the bed, holding her down and making her scream while not getting a good look.

When the doctor came in, he (the only male in my interactions at the clinic) was the only one who didn't even care a little bit about me nursing, and suggested himself that he look at my daughter's ears while she was latched.  She held still, he got a good look, and I was vindicated.  I was certainly creeped out that these women- in healthcare, no less!- all had such apparent issues with me nursing.

August 6, 2009 2:52 PM
 

Rebecca said:

I supposed you are right in the points you make, but frankly, the overwhelmingly negative, including downright cruel, remarks I've gotten over the past year after being unable to breastfeed, have really made it difficult to think clearly. The "feeding your baby poison" comments; the earnest attempts to "educate" me about how "breast is beast" and how I will be dooming my kid to ear infections, obesity and low intelligence (including one jaw dropping attempt to talk me into taking drugs to try to "relactate"; the express exclusion from a nearby mom's group; the demand that I explain exactly why I couldn't breastfeed, then the statement that I didn't try hard enough/long enough. Believe me, I (and most other non breastfeeding mothers) KNOW that "breast is best", and have done as much as we were individually capable of doing - with a noticable lack of support from the lactivists (I didn't see anyone offering to pay for my LC, etc.) - and feel like failures every day. How about taking a break from the "breast is best" line and instead, putting that energy into working towards things like paid maternity leave; better food safety provisions; better health coverage. Those things would do more to boost breastfeeding than the relentless criticism....

August 6, 2009 2:54 PM
 

patricia said:

Rebecca, it makes me so sad to read that you feel like a failure every day because you weren't able to breastfeed.  If no one has said this to you: YOU ARE NOT A FAILURE AS A PARENT FOR NOT BREASTFEEDING!  I swear it!  Easier said than done, I know, but I hope you can try to ditch some of the guilt over this.  You wanted to; you tried; it didn't happen.  That's really all there is to say about it.  There's nothing to say about your kid, nothing about your parenting, nothing more, period.  I'm shocked that a mom's group would exclude you because of this.

August 6, 2009 3:11 PM
 

jessica said:

This is all too much. I love your blog, but the debate is about one thing and one thing only: GUILT.  Damned if you do, damned if you don't and for moms (and dads) of all sorts there's no freakin' middle ground anymore.  That's the backlash.  We'd all be wise to stay out the debate, educate ourselves as best we can, and then make the best cumulative decisions on behalf of our kids, which could lead us to exclusively breast or bottle feed for any number of weeks or months, or do something in between.  And stop judging each other for it all.

August 6, 2009 3:24 PM
 

Lyn said:

I nursed my first for 13 months until she self-weaned. I nursed everywhere and anywhere and never once got a look or comment. Honestly, I never even thought of worrying about negative comments or looks. It was easy: no measuring, no warming, no cleaning bottles, no making sure we brought enough bottles, no running out of formula in the middle of the night.

This time, I am only going to be able to nurse for (hopefully) six weeks due to a medical condition that requires me to take medication that I cannot take while nursing. I had to talk my doctor into waiting for six weeks before putting me back on the medicine. Besides feeling terribly sad about not being able to nurse my second one like I did for my first, having misgivings about my ability to figure out the whole bottle thing, and feeling guilty for thinking about my own health--I am afraid of negative comments made to me about the bottle. I'm afraid that the first time someone says anything to me, I'll burst into tears.

Having been on both sides of this issue, I feel we need to stop being judgmental of anyone and the choices they make for their family.

August 6, 2009 6:58 PM
 

kgranju said:

@Jessica - One major point I wanted to make with this blog post is that when women today say that we should "educate ourselves as best we can," they need to be aware that the reason we are now ABLE to educate ourselves about breastfeeding - readily and accurately - is largely as a result of the work of the very women who are now being blamed for some sort of inappropriate zealotry. And they (we) are not the problem here; this is misplaced frustration. I hope that makes sense.

-Katie

August 6, 2009 10:58 PM
 

Laura said:

This was so informative - thanks for taking the time to write about it!  Seriously - well done!

August 6, 2009 11:28 PM
 

myanna said:

Thank you for writing this!  There is a nursing backlash, which sometimes feels just downright anti-feminist.  Makes me think of the snide remarks made about Sarah Palin breastfeeding at her desk in the gov. office.  Of course so many feel that nursing is in itself anti-feminist--drives me bonkers.

I feel firmly that breastfeeding saved the lives of my twin sons who are now 7, but I would not have even attempted if a neonatalogist had not implored me to.  This doc may have overstepped his bounds in a serious way--he knew I had originally planned to place the twins for adoption--but he told me as I was looking at these 3-pound babies in incubators that, frankly, if I was willing to eat well, show up and pump (even explained how to get a hospital-grade pump on loan from WIC) it could mean the difference between life and death.  Two of the NICU nurses told me to not let him make me "feel bad", and that recovering from the c-section would make it awful hard to try to produce for twins, but I'm beyond glad that I listened now.  The twins didn't have a single "preemie" problem, and caught up with term babies in less than 8 weeks.  A lot of that is luck, I know, but the statistics bear out the doctor's advice.

I nursed the twins as long as I could (at 8 months I got a bad virus and got too dehydrated to produce, and they never came back to nurse), and with the two girls I had later, I came at nursing with a great attitude--after all I'd nursed twins, how hard could it be to nurse one?  

It isn't always easy to nurse, and there were certainly times when I just needed the time off when my girls were babies and I had older kids to tend to, so I would ask my husband to fix a bottle.  I don't think formula is poisin and wouldn't dream of telling a stranger to stop bottlefeeding --that's just about manners!  Who does that?!

Of course, my mother, and all my aunts in my "redneck+mexican" clan nursed, and I was six before I realized that the term "titty baby" was not to be used in polite company--as in "No, baby Monica can't have juice yet; she's still a titty baby"

August 6, 2009 11:28 PM
 

Dou-la-la said:

Thank you, thank you, thank you. I posted about this on my blog, but really, you said it all! dou-la-la.blogspot.com/.../backlash-next-generation.html

To Rebecca, my heart goes out to you, I know firsthand how difficult it can be. I'm sorry that you were made to feel like a failure.  But I definitely don't think the answer is to not continue to advocate for breastfeeding. I just hope we can do so in a way that isn't insensitive to moms in your position, a position I very nearly found myself in as well.

August 7, 2009 1:33 AM
 

mamatried said:

Great post.  When I was in the hospital after giving birth to my second daughter the night nurse told me that if my 'milk didn't come in I would have to supplement later in her shift.'  This was EIGHT hours after I had given birth and my baby was nursing the colostrum just fine.  I essentially told her not to come back and she didn't.  But what if that would have been a first time mom, exhausted and hormonal and feeling overwhelmed?  Supplementing that early MIGHT really have interfered with successful breastfeeding.  So many women (without me even asking) tell me they 'didn't produce enough milk' and I wonder if they think this because of nurses like the one I had?  Or other unsupportive health professionals and uneducated family members.  If you even mention this on a message board you get really pissed off replies it seems. I don't get all upset when someone talks about the increased rate of C-section because of the 'medical industy'!  I agree totally that I wonder if my first baby would have been a vaginal birth if I had been in a different setting with a different caregiver.  And I used the info to push for a successful VBAC.

Where I live not that many women breastfeed.  I RARELY see women doing it in public so advocates are still really needed IMO.

I agree that in the whole parenting world there are kind of 'bully know it alls' but we can't judge all breastfeeding advocates for this.

August 7, 2009 9:32 AM
 

EG said:

Wow, that was long.  I think your point about all the availability of breastfeeding resources was an excellent one.  I have read about 4 books, visited my local LLL, and consulted with my OB and pediatrician and many Lactation Consultants.  And it is SUPER that I have access to all of that, even in my small town.  We have much to be thankful for.

For me, the conclusion of all those people is that I have a low supply problem.  Tears have been shed, pumps have been pumped, Supplemental Nursing Systems have been bonded with, fenugreek has been taken (I smell like maple syrup).  But I will never be able to exclusively breastfeed.  With my 1st I didn't get this useful information, so after the nurse, supplement, pump, cry cycle, I quit after 10 days feeling like a failure.  The LC's would not acknowledge that there might be a problem.  "Just keep trying" was their mantra.

With #2 thankfully I found better LC's, we took a scientific approach that they paired with a lot of compassion, and got the real answer.  And now 1 month out I'm still nursing (he's getting the 1/2 oz I produce) and supplementing with formula.  If they hadn't realized I had a real problem, I would have quit a long time ago and felt sad about it all over again (coupled with my failed VBAC attempt, that would've been an emotional disaster).

There is much to be said for empathy.  And so, I will echo the point that the backlash isn't against breastfeeding.  The backlash is against those who make women feel guilty, and judge, and make assumptions. There are plenty who choose not to breastfeed as a lifestyle choice.  And it IS their choice.  Just as it's a choice to feed organic food, or make kids vegetarians, or let them have candy.  But there are also those of us who would love to breastfeed, and who have made great efforts, and cannot.  And we do not want to be judged.

I think it's very important that the resources you mentioned are available and honest about the known benefits of breastfeeding.  I just wish that women - mothers - would support each other despite the fact that we won't all parent the same way.  Breastfeeding is just one area where we're beating each other down instead of building each other up.

August 7, 2009 9:39 AM
 

songbh said:

I really appreciate the analysis you offer here of the history of North American breastfeeding advocacy as a social movement.  Many lactivist-related events in the last few years have called to mind the saying, "First they ignore you; then they laugh at you; then they fight you; then you win."  I think this movement is somewhere between the "laughed at" and "fought against" stages, and the backlash you note is definitely part of this shift.  

The relationship between breastfeeding advocacy and feminist activism has never been entirely comfortable, but it is a fruitful tension that needs more attention from folks in both movements.  Feminist perspectives on women's health and human rights belong in breastfeeding work.  Breastfeeding rights and support belong in feminist activism.  I'm heartened to hear you describe La Leche League as a "seminal feminist health organization;" far too many of its participants, much less its critics, overlook or reject this aspect of its work and philosophy.  

Thanks for this thoughtful and thought-provoking post.  

August 7, 2009 9:45 AM
 

Melissa said:

I think you are absolutely right that we should be grateful to those who came before us for laying the groundwork.  Thank God breastfeeding is more accepted and everyone pretty much knows it's natural and healthy.

Maybe if we can get the zealots on either side to confront each other, not MOTHERS, things would be better.  The problem is, to confront a woman who has already made the decision on how to feed her child is pointless and mean, whichever decision she's made.  

I breastfed for 8 full months and supplemented with formula.  I'm glad that it was easier for me to do this than it would have been 10 or 15 years ago.  But there is still a long way to go.  It's very hard to be employed full time in America and be successful at breastfeeding.  I breastfed morning and night and pumped twice during the day and I felt guilty, stressed and exhausted the whole time for one reason or another.  But I would do it all again.

August 7, 2009 9:57 AM
 

kiddos mom said:

Great post, Katie. Very well written. My youngest is 4 months and teething, and we are having a very tough time getting through this while breastfeeding. I am comfortable, but she seems to be uncomfortable, latches on then pops off almost instantly. Any tips?

August 7, 2009 12:22 PM
 

Steph S. said:

What I find intriguing about the debate is how the breastpump (and pumping itself) has gained so much cultural awareness. I read a comment on a friend's facebook this week that criticized women not for breastfeeding, but for not pumping before taking the baby out of the house--in her words, the mom could have "easily" pumped beforehand and spared the public the sight of her 'floppy' breasts.  The commenter seemed to acknowledge that breastmilk was the best food for babies--that was not in dispute.  The problem was the breasts themselves--women's bodies themselves.  

In Monday's episode of Weeds, it seemed to be taken for granted that Nancy made milk and fed her baby breastmilk, but the story revolved around pumping, not breastfeeding.  Another character fed the baby expressed milk at 2am while she pumped. (As a mom who had no choice but to wake up every 2 hours and pump while my baby was in the NICU, I find this idea of pumping instead of feeding your actual baby baffling.)  Breastfeeding--and breasts themselves--were fetishized in the show when she "fed" her adult male friend in an attempt to relieve engorgement (when her pump broke, of course). Men and pumps can suck on breasts, but not babies.  It seemed to be taken for granted that she "breastfeeds", but there was no actual breastfeeding.  It was the pump and bottle which fed--her breasts were still sexualized objects.

Breastmilk may now be acknowledged as the ideal food, but it apparently still needs to be extracted by technology in order to be acceptable.  The breastpump (which has become quite an industry over the last 10 years, as well) now substitutes for the breast itself.  Pumping isn't just for work-out-of-home moms anymore, it's the new ideal!  You can get all the benefits of breastmilk without the icky breastfeeding.

[For what it's worth, my insurance company would not pay for my hospital grade pump while my baby was in the NICU, nor would it pay for donated milk when I couldn't make enough, nor would it pay for the hypoallergenic formula my sick infant required when I couldn't make enough milk and he had reactions to regular formulas. This was 2002, not even 1991!]

August 7, 2009 1:54 PM
 

Angi said:

Thanks so much for this!!  I am sharing it with everyone I can think of.  I especially shared it with the LLLLeaders that were such a HUGE support to me, almost eleven years ago, when I had my first child.  I now have 9.5 YEARS combined, breastfeeding, under my belt and am still going.  It truly is amazing to see the difference just a few years can make.  I am proud to be one of the "zealots."  I've had one of my sons called a, "titty baby."  I've been called a, "breastfeeding nazi."  And I proudly wear the label, "one of THOSE moms."  

August 7, 2009 3:20 PM
 

Mary said:

The guilt comment Jessica made got to me.  If you were to go to your OBGYN and tell him that you were smoking a pack a day- should he not inform you of the dangers of your choice just because you may feel guilty about it later?  Everyone has the right to choose what is best for themselves and their babies- but doctors should be able to inform mothers of the risks of their choices without fear of being too harsh or making someone feel guilty.  

August 7, 2009 5:29 PM
 

Christina Gleason @ Cutest Kid Ever said:

Like Rebecca's experience, I was tormented and belittled by other moms who had determined I hadn't "tried hard enough" and needed to hear exactly what I'd done wrong. I got sick of explaining myself. I shouldn't have had to explain myself to anyone! But I did because they made me feel like a failure and a horrible mom. I wrote a Breasfeeding Week post here where I  talk about my experiences: www.cutestkidever.org/.../1257

I'm over the guilt now. I started an online support group for Formula Feeders on LiveJournal. What gets me is that when one group of moms is feeling oppressed in any way, they strike out at the group of moms who made the different choice. Me? I think that as long as a baby is getting fed, isn't neglected, and isn't abused, we should all be content to leave each mom to her own mothering.

Yeah, breastfeeding is great for babies. No, my body wouldn't make it work. But I don't want to be making an excuse for myself. Because that implies that I'm judging moms who made the choice to bottle feed - not out of necessity. And I don't want to judge anyone the way I was judged at that fragile time in my life.

I support the "breastfeeding zealots" who advocate for better acceptance of breastfeeding and the accompanying policy-making. I condemn the "Boob Nazis" who feel the need to berate and belittle women who can't or don't breastfeed for whatever reason.

August 7, 2009 5:45 PM
 

Robbie said:

Katie - Thank you for suggesting donations to milk banks!!  

These donations - whether donor milk or monetary - really do save the lives of premature infants whose mothers are not able to produce an adequate supply milk.  

As the mom of a premature baby and as a milk donor, I appreciate your support of milk banking.  Education and awareness are the first steps to saving lives within this very fragile population of infants.

August 7, 2009 6:22 PM
 

Beth said:

A lot of mothers say they "couldn't" breastfeed, and I do think that there are instances where they truly can't.  But I think most of the time it's misinformation and the overwhelming responsibility of nursing that stops most mothers.  Moms get this "scary" information that their baby has lost weight and that they must get it back up. It can take up to a week for milk to come in!  So then they're up every hour, trying to feed this newborn, and they tired and overwhelmed.  They give the baby a bottle, and all seems well. Oh, it must have been because they weren't producing enough.  Yes, I know women who didn't produce enough, but that comes from at least a few weeks of nursing to figure that out.

The hardest thing for me to learn with breastfeeding was that I was completely responsible for the feeding of this child.  I was sore from a traumatic birth (sunny side up baby), I was so engorged I leaked constantly, and I had mastitis by day 8.  The sheer overwhelming thought of being personally responsible for feeding a newborn on top of all the other emotions I was feeling, was just about too much.

Luckily, I had a doula.  And she told me to wait for six weeks before quitting.  I made it that six weeks, then I decided I could make it to six months.  Then I made it to a year.  And I quit at 18 months.  If you had seen me when I first starting breastfeeding, you would have never believed I could have made it that long.  AND I did it all while struggling with making too much milk (hyperprolactenemia).

My point with this is I think we have a society that doesn't really fit with breastfeeding.  Breastfeeding takes time, and we are always in a rush.  Society doesn't have the patience to teach mothers how to breastfeed correctly, the mothers have no tools and resources readily available...even most of our own mothers didn't breastfeed!  We expect moms to be supermoms.  We're supposed to cook, clean, work, AND breastfeed all very quickly after giving birth.  For close to 8 or 9 weeks after I had my first son, I calculated that I was nursing for about 8 hours a day!  That's a full time job in itself.  Bottles, on the other hand, are easy, quick, and convenient, and mom or dad can do them.  When you have a woman who used to be a high powered working woman, and she has a baby and is expected to sit for anywhere from 6 to 9 hours a day and feed a baby, the responsibility of it is sometimes too much to bear. Before kids I was a teacher, constantly on the move, ready to go.  And then all of the sudden, my identity changed, my life stopped, and all I did was feed this child.  And I didn't really know how to do it, and it was taking so long....it was so, so hard.  For me, breastfeeding my first son was the hardest and most rewarding thing I've ever done in my life.  When a pregnant woman asks me about breastfeeding, that is what I tell her.  I'm very honest about the difficulty, the responsibilty, and the sheer joy and empowerment that comes with knowing that all the growth of your child has come from you.

My hope is that our society learns to let women slow down and take the time to breastfeed.  Better healthcare, more lactation consultants, home visits for several weeks after birth are all things that would give women the tools to know that they CAN breastfeed successfully.

August 7, 2009 10:22 PM
 

Voice of Reason said:

@Steph S "Breastmilk may now be acknowledged as the ideal food, but it apparently still needs to be extracted by technology in order to be acceptable." Yes, yes, yes!  

@Beth, I LOVE and completely agree with your post. I would only add that, for breastfeeding to be truly successful in the US, extended paid maternity leave has to be implemented. I hope it's only a matter of time...

Thanks for another great read, Katie!

August 8, 2009 12:10 AM
 

FemScholar said:

you need to update your readings of feminism. Second-wave feminism is harshly criticized these days by us "feminists" as participating in the inverse of the masculine discourse. Get out of the late 1970s. Question categories, not create them.

August 8, 2009 3:33 AM
 

Emma Pearce said:

Wow!

That is an amazing piece of writing - I am currently studying to become a breastfeeding counsellor with the NCT and have saved this for my file and future references.

Emma xxx

August 8, 2009 12:46 PM
 

TopHat said:

This is something I encountered unexpectedly last December. My MIL came with me to the Facebook nurse-in because she was a bit of a lactivist in her day (breastfed late 70s, early 80s). I mentioned we don't buy Nestle product and she asked, "Is that still going on?" She was surprised that we're still working on formula advertising issues today. I was surprised that she had been that involved that she was a part of it. It was just interesting to me- two generations of lactivists fighting for different and yet the same things. She also raised a wonderful lactivist husband for me. :)

August 8, 2009 2:09 PM
 

Laura said:

This article offers a great historical perspective! It reminds me how much I took for granted and how very lucky I am that the women in my family all breastfed due to cultural and economic forces - so that by the time I came along and had my daughter in 1996 it was something I took for granted.

In 1943, my rural grandmother nursed her niece as well as her own baby - she was born the week after my mother - since her sister was having trouble nursing. My mother breastfed me for ~2 years (I was born in 1968) and just laughed off the doctors who warned her that I would starve. It's fortunate I was a very chubby baby so those warnings seemed ridiculous.

The bottom line with a lot of breastfeeding issues, IMO, has to do with privilege. As long as so many American women do not have access to long-term paid maternity leave and high-quality healthcare and information the pro-breastfeeding movement will appear preachy and out of touch with reality. We need to look at other developed nations where breastfeeding rates approach 100% and model our efforts after theirs. Reforms that are good for babies will end up benefitting all of us.

August 9, 2009 10:47 AM
 

jessica said:

Katie, I'm not sure what your we/they dichotomy is so, no, I guess what you're saying doesn't make sense.  I appreciate the better information that we all have in this generation than in those past (and how in large part that is due to La Leche Leaguers and the like -- my mother included), but also think that there's a huge middle ground of people like myself who don't fall in the "we" or "they"... And who don't appreciate the zealotry in any case.  

August 10, 2009 9:20 AM
 

Meredith said:

>I was hospitalized and separated from my newborn for several days because I had...MASTITIS.  And this was in 1991, not 1951.<

So substitute out 1991 for 2007 and that was my experience. (Perhaps more education is needed in this area after all.)

But to comment on this piece as a whole, as all good writing tends to do, I went through several different emotions reading this. I was angry, upset, hurt, excited, smug, etc. I'm glad I powered through the beginning as I felt there was a slight acussatory tone at us "new moms." But as I read further I think I got what you are saying: I get to benefit from earlier fights so should appreciate what those fights meant to women in general. And I think you're right--those doors breaking down need to be appreciated.

However, I also agree that until we stop pointing our fingers at each other for individual choices and instead work towards a family-accepting culture (in all of its conotations), the two extremes will continue to fight each other and people will quickly forget that the fact that we have a choice at all is to be celebrated. And that is sad for everyone.

August 10, 2009 5:06 PM
 

electriclady said:

@Mary, please don't compare the health consequences of not breastfeeding to those of smoking. Last time I checked, formula didn't kill babies. (When prepared with clean water in parts of the world with adequate sanitation, blah blah blah disclaimer.)

I 100% agree that we all owe a debt to the activists and "zealots" who made it possible for all of us today to have access to quality breastfeeding information and assistance. But there is a difference between advocating for better breastfeeding support and, say, recommending that someone throw away the free formula samples she got at the hospital rather than donating them to a women's shelter or food bank, because you wouldn't want those poor naive women to use that free formula as an excuse not to nurse. (Actual discussion I read on MDC, with the majority of respondents in favor of throwing away food instead of donating to someone in need.) There is a difference between fighting the manipulative marketing tactics of formula companies and refusing to let a pumping mom advertise her pumping supplies for sale (tamingestella.wordpress.com/.../mothering-magazine-an-insult-to-epers).

And of course, there is a difference between calling out a few rude isolated examples and tarring every breastfeeding advocate with the same brush. A little perspective and kindness is called for on both sides, I think.

August 11, 2009 1:30 PM
 

Perry MacNeil said:

Great point re: 20-something young women who know nothing of the history of the feminist movement. They can't imagine a time when they wouldn't have the opportunities they have now. The whole concept of feminism has been derided as well by the media, and there is such a broad spectrum of what is considered feminist today that I wonder if the coming generation will have any concept of the struggles that occurred, to their benefit.

Well-written post!  

August 12, 2009 1:56 AM
 

marta rose said:

Bravo Katie! I'm going to link to this on my blog and on Fb.  Honestly, I never really thought about it all that way -- WHAT WE DID -- but damn, we really did do something, didn't we?

Movements need radicals to move the center.  ACT UP was that for HIV/AIDS (remember when we couldn't even say "condom" on TV, when Reagan wouldn't even say "AIDS" while thousands of young men died?  But ACT UP moved the center -- pissing off a lot of folks in the meantime, including a lot of folks in the center -- but think where we'd be if there were no ACT UP? (and they did that all without an internet, think of that!)

So yeah, folks sure can have short attention spans.  I'm glad you're still such an eloquent voice reminding us of where we've come from and still need to go.

August 13, 2009 3:01 PM
 

rendev said:

Hi

After analyzing data on lactation and breast cancer risk, the researchers said that the evidence is now "convincing" that breastfeeding lowers the risk of both pre-menopausal and post- menopausal breast cancer. Thank you for sharing this article, this is very informative.

August 15, 2009 1:53 AM
 

Cave Mother said:

Wonderful article.  I really enjoyed it - it s interesting to read the perspective of someone who has been involved in breastfeeding activism over such a long time.  Thanks!

August 16, 2009 1:45 PM
 

Knitted in the Womb said:

GREAT article, and so true!

When my first baby was born in 1998 I bought a Medela Pump in Style so that I could continue to feed her breastmilk after I went to work.  It wasn't until just recently that I learned that this pump had only come to market a year or two prior to my purchase!  Without it, I doubt I could have met my goal of nursing my baby for a year (I nursed her for 14.5 months actually) with no use of formula--even though I had an over-supply of milk.  

I am proud to have been able to fully breastfeed all 5 of my childen, not using a drop of formula...and I think that many mothers now just don't realize how radically things have changed in the past decade to 15 years.

October 18, 2009 12:39 AM

in

About the Blogger

Katie Allison Granju

A working mom embraces life with four busy kids and a continually buzzing Blackberry.

Katie Allison Granju lives in a 100-year-old house with her husband and her four children, who range in age from one to seventeen. She's a book author, a freelance writer and Director of Social Media at a public relations firm. She doesn't know how she does it either.

GROUP BLOGS

  • Strollerderby

    The smartest, funniest, most exhaustive parenting blog in the blogosphere.
  • Droolicious

    Modern design for modern parents.
  • FameCrawler

    Your daily baby celebrity fix.
back to blog homepage