Strollerderby

Pre-Term Elective C-Sections Are Dangerous: So Why Insure Them?

Posted by Miriam Axel-Lute

premature baby Michael McGuire is CEO of UnitedHealth, a health-insurance provider in New Jersey.  In an op-ed in the Trenton Times recently he talked intelligently about the health  dangers of elective pre-term c-sections.

 The evidence keeps mounting—prematurity, even by a few weeks, means higher rates of breathing problems, cerebral palsy, NICU stays, etc. When the baby's not ready to come out, it's not ready, folks.

McGuire makes the impressive assertion that when he explained this carefully to a "pilot group" of physicians and hospitals and they stopped scheduling c-sections before 39 weeks, there was a 46 percent drop in NICU stays. Those are results to write home about. As he writes, "That's almost half the number of newborns with potential health problems, almost half the number of distraught parents, al most half the number of potential tragedies. The cost savings to these hospitals, the parents and the health-care system is enormous."

He notes carefully, as do I, that sometimes a pre-term c-section is medically necessary for health of mother and/or baby. Obviously, that is not what I'm talking about. But I would include c-sections that are planned for medical reasons,* but where there is no medical reason not to carry the baby to term. I think those are far, far more common than the over-hyped "too posh to push" phenomenon.

So here's what I want to know: If it's documented to be such a health risk, why don't McGuire and his colleagues just stop paying for c-sections that are unnecessarily scheduled at an unsafe time?

Insurers already go out of their way to not cover things they claim are optional (including some that are emphatically not), not to mention dangerous. Usually I question their judgment, but the evidence is pretty compelling on this one.

I'm all for educating docs, but it seems to me the insurers could stop this practice cold with their purse strings.

Photo by César Rincón.

*(Of course, many of those "medical reasons," like a previous c-sections or breech presentations, don't actually require a c-section, but that's a separate post.)

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Comments

 

Evvie said:

I agree..... i mean, God forbid they pay for a doula!

December 19, 2008 11:09 AM
 

Chiken said:

I am currently scheduled for a c-section at 39 weeks because my baby is in the breech position.  My doctor suggested that we do it then because there is some evidence that c-sections before labor starts are less stressful on the baby than so-called emergency c-sections.  This new information is making me somewhat nervous....although she won't be significantly pre-term.

December 19, 2008 11:23 AM
 

Barb said:

This is confusing information--you never say why a DOCTOR would agree to a pre-term c-section. The fact that it's dangerous to the baby to be pre-term seems like something doctors already know, so why would they schedule pre-term c-sections unless it was medically necessary? Has anybody had this experience? If so, why did you want to have the baby early?  

In my own personal experience of two c-sections, the doctors "allowed" me to go late because I desperately wanted a vaginal delivery, but, alas, it wasn't meant to be for me. But I was at 41 weeks with my first-born (she came out at 11 pounds! they knew she was big, which is why they didn't want to induce me), and 42 weeks with my second-born (he was smaller, at 9 pounds, but they wouldn't induce since I'd had a previous c-section). I'm just curious to hear about other women's experiences...

December 19, 2008 11:42 AM
 

gpgirl said:

The question is - how would insurance define "unnecessary". From what I understand, as long as the doctor says it is necessary, insurance will cover it. Will insurance companies now have to define what necessary is?

I think it is important for doctors to know that late pre-term births can be dangerous, and then make the decision from there. But insurance companies taking over this decision seems like the wrong move.

Chiken, when they talk about late pre-term, they mean 34 to 36 weeks. They are comparing these births to those after 37 weeks, which are still viewed as being "term". So at 39 weeks, you are well within term. (Click on some of the links Miriam has in her post for more info.)

December 19, 2008 11:47 AM
 

Barb said:

I agree, gpgirl: having insurance companies making decisions like that, as in, "No, we're not coving you," opens a whole new can of worms...

December 19, 2008 11:59 AM
 

Miriam Axel-Lute said:

Barb: Apparently docs schedule them early often for convenience, especially so they're not taken by surprise by an early labor, but also to avoid holidays, mothers' or docs' vacations, etc.

Chiken: I am not an expert, so I don't know about the stress of an "emergency" c-section, but I do know that if labor doesn't start, mom and baby miss out on the benefits of oxytocin. Still, 39 weeks is full term, so it doesn't sound like you need to worry.

gpgirl: Yes, I would be hesistant to hand the decision to insurance cos. I think it would make a difference if the insurance companies just made docs justify the timing and then took their word for it if they said it was necessary. Some would make something up, I'm sure, but at least the point would have been made that scheduling a c-section pre-term was something that needs a pressing medical reason.

December 19, 2008 12:20 PM
 

Amy Kuras said:

I had an emergency C-section with my daughter, ad for lots of reasns scheduled one with my son -- who was due right after my OB's 40th birthday. You can see where this is going, right? I could have scheduled it at 38 weeks or right on my due date, but the OB would be on vacation in  between then. I had read, right here on SD as a matter of fact, the risks of 38-week elective C-sections so opted to wait. And I am so glad I did -- he's had a ton of colds and I am glad he had those two extra weeks of lung development. I think they generally like to do them at 39 weeks so you don't end up going into labor on your own if you want or need a c-section. I would have felt OK about 39 weeks but 38 just didn't feel right.

December 19, 2008 12:33 PM
 

gpgirl said:

Amy, could you post the link to the info on risks of 38-week C-sections? I had only read about 34 to 36 week risks. Thanks.

December 19, 2008 1:56 PM
 

JeanneSager said:

I'm with the mothers who would worry about what an insurance company would deem "necessary." I wouldn't advocate for anyone to do a C unless she has to, of course, but insurance companies already have a track record of refusing to cover plenty of VERY NECESSARY health services. My friend had a horrible delivery with her first child, he was too far into the birth canal by the time they realized they should have done a C, he ended up with dislocated shoulders, she had excessive bleeding the ended up needing a D&C . . . the works. So she ended up scheduling a C for her second child. Ironically, her second child was a petite little thing, and the doctor said she probably would have delivered her fine if she'd gone vaginal . . . but they didn't know. But if an insurance company had that power, they could walk in, look at the chart, and say "hey, why did they do a C with this woman, she didn't need it..." Aach, sorry, I just hate insurance companies!

December 19, 2008 3:29 PM
 

Miriam Axel-Lute said:

gpgirl: There's a study cited in the op-ed that talks about pre 39 weeks vs post 39 weeks. Sounds like Amy read other stuff too.

Jeanne: As I said above, I think it should be up to the docs to document necessity, not the insurers to judge it. And I definitely don't mean don't insure scheduled c-sections, just not unjustified pre-term one. But it is hard when you can't trust anyone to make their decisions based on best interests of kids or moms.

December 19, 2008 3:41 PM
 

Alice said:

Do not let this country hand your health over to non-medical personnel at an insurance company.  ONLY doctors shoudl medical decisions for their patients.  I dont give a rats ass what one study says.  Your OB knows your risks and benefits much better than some guy in Rhode Island with an Actuary degree who is trying to make his quota.

December 19, 2008 9:13 PM
 

Sarah said:

Only kind of related- this woman had her baby induced because she was losing health insurance. And insurance ended up denying her claim anyway.

www.nytimes.com/.../us 07uninsured.html?pagewanted=2

December 20, 2008 2:52 PM
 

Miriam Axel-Lute said:

Sarah: Thanks for the tip. That's worth a post of its own.

December 20, 2008 3:54 PM

About Miriam Axel-Lute

Miriam Axel-Lute is a freelance writer, editor, poet, and urban planning junkie. She lives, works, and gardens in Albany, NY, with her two partners and daughter.

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